My mom gave me “Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America” by Barbara Ehrenreich, so I’ve been reading it the past couple of days. Ehrenreich, a journalist who post as a recently-divorced housewife trying to re-enter the job market, found that these low-end jobs do not make ends meet. Often, the people working them must work two or three jobs to make rent and care for their kids.
Ehrenreich finds that she cannot get by. And she rightly points out that, in her time in Florida at least (she also works in Minnesota and Maine), she and her fellow employees are given cushier, better-paying low-end jobs because of their ethnicity and native language skills, and that as a single woman without young children, she has fewer expenses than many of her co-workers. She also notes that, with a lifetime of gym memberships and health care, she’s physically more able to work than many of the people in her same situation. While she masked her educational and employment background, these things also gave her coping skills and resources to her advantage.
These are all things that people like Adam Shepard, a white college graduate with good physical and mental health, English fluency and a safety net, who “beat” homelessness, fail to take into account when exhorting people to pull themselves up by their bootstraps. Just because you take your advantages for granted does not mean they are not there.
And middle-class teens have these same advantages, and they are driving poor teens and even some poor adults right out of the job market.
NEW YORK (AP) — When Theodor Gervais was 14, he took a summer job selling cell phone covers in Brooklyn for $100 a month, sitting at a table outside a phone store in what he describes as “somewhat of a bad area.” His cousin worked inside and, worried for Theodor’s safety, checked on him all day.
Now 16, Theodor hoped this summer would be safer and more profitable. He applied for a summer job through a city-sponsored program in his neighborhood and found he was one of 3,200 applicants — for fewer than 1,200 jobs.
Across the country, poor teens face similarly long odds.
As summer arrives, the job market for teens is suffering along with the rest of the economy. And those jobs will be harder to find this year for the poorer kids who need them the most as laid-off adults compete for work at the lowest rung.
“Summer is a time when the rich get richer and the poor get poorer,” said Ron Fairchild, executive director of the Center for Summer Learning at Johns Hopkins University. [Full story]
Poor adults may be counting on their teenage children being able to get minimum-wage-paying summer and after school jobs. Many poor kids may work 40 hours a week even after school starts, lying about their age, in order to help support their families or at least themselves. Poor adults may be counting on being able to get two or three of these jobs themselves to get by without assistance.
So when the economy is headed downward, it’s really hurting people to have to compete with well-connected, middle-class or wealthy teens who may be willing to work for less, both poor teens and poor adults. Both are more likely to be hired than poor teens.
Do I think that well-off, privileged children need to learn a work ethic and financial responsibility? Of course. But I do not think that they should be learning it at the expense of a poor person being unable to feed her kids, or a poor teen being unable to help support her family.
And then you have “freegans” and other middle-class and upper-class people competing for edible food from the garbage, decent thrift store finds, and so on, making things even more difficult. Again, while self-sufficiency is admirable, at what point does it become okay to deprive other people for your spiritual superiority?
Perhaps the economy would improve if major employers such as Wal-Mart and McDonald’s actually paid their employees enough for them to afford more than food or rent (but never both in the same month)? Or maybe it’s time that we came up with another solution instead of hoping that major corporations, labor contractors and business owners might suddenly develop a social conscience.